Machine for Cultivation and Sowing of Cereal Seeds on Sloping Fields

Abstract

Conventional tillage and seeding technologies and machines contribute to water erosion in sloping fields. The study aims to develop the technology of simultaneous cultivation and sowing of seeds on sloping fields and the machine for its implementation. The studies applied the laws and rules of theoretical mechanics, mathematical statistics, mathematical planning of experiments and methods of strain gauging, as well as the methods given in the existing regulatory documents. To protect the soil and sowing on sloping fields, a new technology for tillage and sowing is proposed and a machine for its implementation. Coulters in the developed machine are located relative to the toe of ripper working tools on three levels. Furrow formers are installed along the line of third level coulters, at those coulters of the upper level are installed with alternation on rippers of the first and second row to the right from the symmetry line of furrow formers, coulters of the third lower level are installed on rippers located in front of furrow formers, and coulters of the second level with alternation on other rippers between neighboring furrow formers. The furrow former is made in the form of a hemispherical disc. A machine for tillage and sowing of cereal seeds was designed and manufactured, and its economic tests were conducted. According to the research results, the machine for tillage and sowing on sloping fields reliably performs the specified technological process, and by its characteristics, fully meets the requirements of agronomic equipment and technical specifications. The calculations showed that the use of the developed machine helps to reduce operating costs by 32.82% when processing and sowing seeds on sloping fields.