Air Chamber as Hydraulic Shock Absorber

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of a hydraulic shock absorber - an air chamber used in long pressure systems and in pressure pipelines of pumping stations. The work provides an analysis of scientific works. The efficiency of pressure pipelines depends on ensuring their trouble-free operation - the reliability of pressure hydraulic systems. The reliability of long-pressure pipelines is ensured using the proposed design of a water hammer damper. As a result of a joint solution of the equation of unsteady pressure motion of the liquid, the equation of flow continuity, and the equation of the state of air in the chamber, dependencies were obtained for calculating the volume of the proposed absorber, taking into account the isothermal and adiabatic laws of air compression. Experimental studies of the shock absorber were carried out to check the reliability of the obtained dependencies for calculating the chamber parameters. In this case, modern scientific instruments were used. The authors of this work have developed a special pressure sensor to record changes in hydrodynamic pressure in pressure systems during unsteady fluid flow. At the same time, a reliable agreement between the results of calculations of the shock absorber - the air chamber - and the experimental data was obtained. The completed research experiments prove that the proposed damper is a very effective and economical water hammer damper for long-pressure pipeline systems.